Photography Tips: What Does the ISO Do For You?
Kissing, Image shot at ISO 1600.
To really understand what ISO is and what it does, and to really get it you need to know first what it was before digital cameras. After that I'll try to get down to what it is and why it is important. This is a more technical photo post, I hope you follow. Please let me know if something I say is unclear, because I am sure someone else will have the same question.
What the ISO was: It was, in the era of non-digital cameras a number that was written on the individual film rolls that you purchased for your camera. When I was in photography class, we used ISO 400 to allow for more light and quicker shots, such as sporting events or low light situations, and ISO 200 for regular headshots or point and shoot people events. So the higher the ISO the film had, the more light it allowed in. In the past (when using film) you were stuck with one ISO setting for that entire roll, no adjustments.
What the ISO is now: Now that the world has skip, hopped and jumped forward to digital cameras the ISO means something similar, but without using film. It is another adjustment you can make when taking pictures and want to allow for more exposure (let in more light, make your shot brighter). You can fidget with the light meter, the shutter speed, and on a digital camera you can mess with the ISO as well. The higher the ISO, the more light that will be allowed in, the more light sensitive that that shot will be.
According to Ben Long in The Cannon EOS Digital Rebel XSi/440D Companion, "ISO is a standard for measuring the sensitivity of film. Digital vendors have adopted the standard for specifying the sensitivity of a digital image sensor. When you increase the ISO setting on the Rebel XSi, you're essentially making the sensor more light sensitive. As the sensor becomes more sensitive, it will require shorter exposures to be able to "see" a scene" (p. 93)
The way digital cameras are set up now you can shoot at an ISO of 1600 which enables you to shoot with the image sensor, so sensitive that it allows you to take photos in a much lower light than was ever possible with film.
The benefits to a higher ISO are:
- Ability to shoot in a setting with much lower light and still capture a great shot.
- Enables you to take pictures of sporting events, stopping the action in time.
- Gives a shot a much greater depth of field.
Drawback to shooting with higher ISO: So why not always shoot allowing for the most light to enter the shot with the highest ISO possible? Well, there is a setback, that I didn't really know about until doing my homework for this little photo post. Since I hate my flash, I have just been increasing the ISO all the way up to the max (on my camera it is 1600) which does make the sensor really sensitive, however, I have been noticing (lately) a little of what is known as "noise" by the pros. Noise is what happens when you increase and amplify any type of electrical signal, which is what you are doing when you increase the ISO. Along with the signal of data you want, you will increase the static or noise. Think old-school radio and then you'll get it.
Noise is photo static, it looks grainy, not sharp, even sometimes can look blurry or distorted (in extreme cases of course). Most of the time you won't even see it until you enlarge your pictures, then in the shadowy areas especially it is bumpy and grainy. That is noise.
My conclusion after doing my homework on the ISO ins and outs:
If you are interested in the best image quality and sharpness, here is the rule I'll give you: Shoot at the lowest ISO possible to make the shot. To do this you can mess around with the light meter and shutter speed and try to get the ISO down. However, If it isn't possible, than of course a photo with noise is better than no image at all, so just shoot away. Don't stress it!
When using the camera that I have, the Cannon EOS XSi/450D My noise complaints are extremely low, even when shooting at an ISO 1600. I would rather increase the noise on my shot, which doesn't really bother me a ton and get the shot without using the flash than turn the flash on.
Photo Examples of shooting at high ISO:
Bread Image shot at ISO 1600 If you click on it and you'll see some noise. For me that adds to the effect of the depth of field, so it doesn't bother me.
Boys, Image shot at ISO 1600, now that I look at this one there was no reason for it to be shot with an ISO that high since it was outside, and I do see the noise and don't like how it fights with the sharpness in this shot. I am learning.
Converse, Image shot at ISO 1600 this shot too, it is just fine the way it is. I guess I'll never know what it could have been, but really now, does that matter? ;)
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin’ Your Images
Taking the Best Black and White Photos: What to Look For
What does the ISO Do For You?: Learning more about the ISO
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: How to Take the Best Black & White Photos
1.) B&W Shots Are Forever. There is so much to love about shooting in black and white. It makes the people stand out- you aren't distracted by the colours, so if the shot has a strong focal point your eyes will have no problem heading there. Black and white is more intimate, more whimsical, and much better at showing the on-looker the detailing in the shot. If you aren't convinced that black and white photography is for you, read on my friend.
2.) Learning from Black and White. Shooting in B&W gives you more of an opportunity to see what is really good (or not good) about your shot. The detailing either will stand out or not depending on the contrast you have set up in the shot, sure you can edit and change some things, but you will be able to see more of the raw detailing and therefore learn to take better shots. Therefore learning from mistakes, the best of teachers.
3.) Beat The Gray! May your blacks be black and your whites, white. This was a tip from my old photo teacher in high school when we were developing our own photos from film in the toner and other smelly chemicals. I still remember the tip though. When you are shooting, your light meter is set right when there is a range of "colours" from the darkest of blacks to the whitest of whites. Also, as always try to use the lowest ISO possible to reduce what is known as noise.
4.) The Biggies in Black and White. What matters in black and white shots? Learning to shoot for texture and contrast. That is what makes an excellent shot stand out in black and white photography. You will start to know the amount of contrast you are looking for. When you are a well trained black and white photographer you will see contrasts, textures, and be able to ignore the distractions of colour and tone. The best way to do this is to practice!!
5.) Never Shoot in Black and White! Yeah, strange I know...but there are several reasons to shoot in colour and edit the images on your computer in a photo editing program. The first is that then you'll have the image in colour if you ever need it that way, or happen to like it better. If you shoot in black and white you are limiting yourself and your options with that shot. The second reason is that when you tell your camera to shoot a digital image in black and white it shoots it in colour and then edits it into black and white inside the camera. Cameras don't have as good of image converters as your regular computer photo editing, so it will be a lower quality image that you start out with.
There are exceptions: if you are shooting in the RAW format than just go for it, your camera will load the colour data on to your computer when uploading so switching to colour will be an option. The second (and last) exception that I can see is if you are really wanting to see how it will look and you want to see it in black and white on your LCD screen, then switch over to shooting in black and white.
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin’ Your Images
Taking the Best Black and White Photos: What to Look For
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: Photo Fixin’ (Editing)
1.) Don't Get Lazy and think you'll fix it later. try to take the best images you can in the moment, not leaving the dirty work to do on the computer. I have a theory that no matter how amazing digital cameras are, they are breeding a generation of lazy and tech heavy photographers. Don't trade good technique and hard work for technology.
2.) Free photo editing online. I have fallen deeply in love with Picnik, it is a photo editing program that I have used for many an image. I just use it online. I paid the extra enabeling me to edit and change all that I please, but before I paid for the Picnik Premimum the freebe served me well too.
Here is the image you may recognize as my header image for the Dreadlock Girl main blog, with some changes and fixin's done. With photo editing, you can do so much, you can make your own header, work with your own images by putting text in them, or the year on your kids shots.
Below is a screenshot of the final Dreadlock Girl header image, I love playing with Picnik! Make sure you check it out, you surely don't want to be in the dark any longer. And you no longer have the excuse that you don't know where to find the software. Picnik is excellent and very much pop-up free. There are small adds up at the top if you have not purchased the Premium Picnik, but they are not annoying. Picnik on!
3.) Don't toss your shots too soon! switch them to B&W or sepia and that really can hide many mistakes, saving some photos from the rubbish bin, maybe even having them end up some of your favourites. An error with the light meeter, bad colouring and so many more unpredictable blunders may be blended and made invisible in B&W, as long as the image is good and sharp...try it!
4.) The more you edit, the more your image quality decreases. Yes, sadly this is true, unless you are working in RAW. I don't work with RAW because they take so much more space than any of the other formats, and because I don't like to edit that much it really doesn't matter. So with every colour change and edit, just beware of your image quality.
5.) Try not to mess. This last one is all personal opinion, maybe because I am a little old school, maybe because I like to try and get it right the first time, but it is how I feel. When I take a shot, if the sky is white, it is white, if I am lucky it will be blue, but I don't input a blue sky into my picture to make it better. Maybe more than anything I don't like messing around with those kinds of details. I like taking pictures, editing is probably my least favourite. I only try to fix my mistakes, salvage some shots...and besides that: nothing.
Make sure you check in next Wednesday for Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips!!
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin' Your Images
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: Group Shots
1.) Coordinate. It may sound cheesy to coordinate in matching colours, but it will be worth your scepticism when you see the results. I don't want you to think, matchy-matchy shirts and pants because that is horrid. Here are some colour ideas for your group:
-Natural Colours: this works really well, really letting the faces stand out of the subjects.
-Primary Colours: I like this especially for kid groupings, but it could work on different ages as well.
-All One Colour: Tell your group beforehand to wear all wear green, pink or red-and not to worry about the shade of the colour, as that will add to the shot. Just say green, any shade of green. This works the best with a large group where there are so many shades that it really pops. If you do green, make sure to shoot outside for an added bonus of green around your subjects as well!
-In Uniform: This works if you are taking a photo of a group of ranchers, pilots, construction workers or Army men. It really shows off the faces because they will be wearing similar dress. Take care to not pose those in a uniform in a very strict pose, as it will just look like they are getting ready to march. Use different heights, some standing, some sitting. Or a pose that demonstrates their comradery, for example a shot of them all praying together, or with their arms across each other's shoulders. These guys usually go deep, try to bring that out in your shot.
2.) Think Small to Shoot Big. Sometimes a huge group of people can be really intimidating, especially when thinking of how to pose them or get them all in. If you can, think of them in segments. You can group all the kids together, or the families or whatever you are working with, but call one group up at a time pose them as if for their own shoot and keep adding additional groups. This will make for a photo that has different heights, and that is much more visually stimulating than a group of people all standing together looking confused. I would recommend only adding the kids in for some shots, and maybe doing generational shots. Bring the kids in first or last, but don't let them be there long...or you'll get grouchy faces.
3.) Posing is Everything and Then Its Not. Unless you like the look of just a blob of people standing there looking confused, pose them. Sometimes if you have them on a structure of some sort that will do the job for you. Kids sitting naturally all over a play structure( you can shoot them while they are actually playing). I have mentioned before that it is really not fun to boss and bully your subjects, and this stands true here too, but many times in order to get the little ones to cooperate (and oldest) you may need a bribe of Popsicles, brownies, or a swim in the ocean when it is all over.
Posing is also not everything because action group shots are great too. Some action shots are planned, but they can't be posed. It makes for happier people when you have their minds working on something, and happier people mean happier and better shots. There is a craze lately of the mid-air jumping shots. Also, if you set your group back 100meters from you and then just say "RUN!" the running shots are great too. I saw a wedding shot of this recently were the whole bridal party had their shoes off and was running toward the camera. It was the best shot of that wedding. If a group of ladies is sewing and you are going to take their photo, don't have them stand up and get in a blob and shoot, if they are sitting, kneel down and shoot them in what they are doing. You will get much more natural shots.
4.) Black and White is Your Friend. Because people don't want to coordinate outfits, because they don't always get the memo, because they don't like to cooperate, because one lady is wearing an obnoxious blouse, and because it really does look better: go black and white when shooting groups. I don't recommend actually taking them in black and white, but just know, if you throw a group of uncoordinated people (and or clashing colours) into Black and White you will be suprised by how much it changes for you. Also, it is whimsical, it is old fashioned, and really I think Black and White can add a lot to your group shots. So if all else fails - just make the switch.
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin' Your Images
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: Work That Thing!!
1.) When you are down, low, low down, you will get some of your best shots especially of kids and animals. I try to be at the level of the being that I am taking a picture of. It looks more natural for kids to be looking straight at the camera when it is level with them, and even if they aren't looking, get down on your knees to shoot. It really does make a difference.
2.) Flash, what flash? A flash can work, but I think the ones that come with cameras (which is what many of us have) really don't work worth their existence. Forget you have it! That means, get your camera off of the setting which sets up your flash automatically. Mess with your ISO and shutter speed and ditch the flash for good. One day I will buy an expensive flash to try out, but I have heard it from the best that even those make your victims look, " like a deer in the headlights".
3.) Get Closer, there is no 6 inch rule when it comes to photography, get in close and then zoom in further. Most shots I see just don't have the detail they could because the subject you are shooting is 15 feet away! Walk right up, and then zoom the rest of the way. Your subject should fill up a large part of the picture. If there is something worth looking at around the subject, take that into account, if not, then why do you want it in your picture?
4.) Experiment! If you want to get good you have to waste time in training, it is like so much else out there: some people are naturally just good at it, but that is a rare stroke of luck and doesn't happen to most of us. The rest of us are just shooting away, hoping to capture something good, once in a while. To get good, try new things. Don't do the same spot as last time, take your camera with you and try a different location, different lighting than you are used to, try mixin' it up. If the shots don't turn out, then try again, adjust the light meter, the shutter speed, try a new angle. If you push yourself you will grow!
Sometimes I do get to places just when God's ready to have somebody click the shutter.
~Ansel Adams
Be sure to come back next Wednesday to Dreadlock Girl for some tips on Group Photo Shoots. Nothing fancy, just what I have learned so far.
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin' Your Images
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: Capture Real People, in Real Life Shots
There are so many wrong moves we make when taking shots of other people. What I love to do most is capture real people, real faces that they make, and doing what they really do. Kids play, they don't generally stand still in a dress shirt with their feet pointed slightly to the left, arms crossed, head slightly tilted, wearing what could be a plastic smile. But we try to capture that moment to keep? Sorry, but posing people unnaturally is probably my biggest nightmare. I am not a professional, I like to get real shots, I don't need to pose people, when I do have to pose them I do it so that they hardly know they are being posed. If these tips work with my 3 and 5 year-old boys it seems they would work (with slight variations) on most people.
1.) You do the work: Let your subject (victim) be while YOU do the work of moving around to get the best shot. Call it the photographer's diet-- it works for me. You are the one trying to get the good shot, so when you force your kids to do all the work, you really will get only mediocre expressions from dissatisfied subjects. Let them play, let them throw sand, let them cry...real pictures work best and they are the most memorable ones.
2.) Work (read: play) with your subject: Ask the person what their favourite thing to do is, and get pictures of them doing that. If you are taking pictures of your children you probably already know what they like to do, so instead of telling them you are going to take pictures just ask them if they want to play pirates, or if they'd like to go outside and shoot their cap guns. While they are doing it, take pictures.
3.) Don't give commands: Try as little as possible to say things like, "wait, just stay like that!" or "don't move!"...those kind of comments clue them in and they won't want to cooperate. There are moments that you would like to capture, and you can avoid sounding like you are only interested in taking pictures say things like, " I think that gun has some caps left in it" or " " do you think you can shoot the top of that tree over there?" -- again be real, this isn't about manipulation, but working with them to get a good outcome. Don't lie to get them to do what you want, but it is okay if you use your imagination. This works well for little kids. I don't have teens yet, so I'll give you tips on that when we get there.
A shot of how chaos, can be better than organization- let it be, and SHOOT!
4.) The magical window of picture perfectness: There are times when you need a specific shot and the subject just has to cooperate. These shots are rare, but still they happen. When this is the case, get your shots within an age specific amount of time. My kids are 3 and 5 years old, they can sit and look happy for about 2 minutes without touching something or acting grouchy. That means I have 2 minutes. I need to have my camera ready, have the light meter set right, and everything just set so that I can shoot pictures for that whole time. When they are done, YOU are too. Resist the urge to beg, bully, and boss them into anything once the magical window is closed. You will all have a better day.
A necessary posed shot, I gave myself about 5 seconds, the equivalent of two shots to get this one right..the little feet weren't going to stay still for long. (It was a no-nap day)
Check back every Wednesday for more Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips!!
I always love answering questions for readers. I’d love ideas on future Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips sessions if you have them. Leave me a comment, I love hearing from you!
Previous Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips:
The Basics
Capture Real People, In Real Life Shots
Work That Thing! How to Get the Best Shots
Tips for Group Shots: How to Shoot a Group Session Like You Know What You’re Doing!
Photo Editing, Fixin' Your Images
Dreadlock Girl Photography Tips: I am going to do several of these posts, I am not a professional photographer by a long shot, but I love taking pictures and seeing beautiful pictures so I want to share what I have learned with you.
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